GS-IV covers Ethics, Integrity and Aptitude. Core areas: Ethics and human interface, determinants and consequences; Human values from great leaders and reformers; Attitude structure and influence on behavior; Civil service values (integrity, impartiality, objectivity, dedication, empathy); Emotional intelligence in governance; Moral thinkers and philosophers; Public service ethics, accountability; Probity in governance, transparency, RTI, citizen charters, corruption challenges; Case studies on ethical issues.